Knowledge of ribbon phase of garment accessories

Knitter's Note: Narrow or tubular fabrics are made from various yarns. There are many kinds of belt fabrics, which are widely used in clothing, industry, agriculture, military supplies, transportation and other industries. In the 1930s, ribbons were manufactured in workshops with cotton and linen yarns as raw materials. After the founding of New China, the raw materials for ribbon gradually developed into nylon, vinylon, polyester, polypropylene, spandex and viscose, forming three kinds of weaving, knitting and knitting technology. The fabric structure includes plain weave, twill weave, Satin weave, jacquard, double-layer, multi-layer, tubular and joint structure.

I. Woven (woven)

Warp and weft interweave. After twisting, the yarn is warped and warped into a cylinder (tray), and the weft yarn is shaken into a knot to weave a ribbon on the loom. In the 1930s, ribbons were woven for hand-pulled wood looms and iron-wood looms. In the early 1960s, 1511 loom was refitted into belt loom, which is still widely used. Because the width of the belt is small, the weaving method is different, there are single, double, dozens of different, there are single layer, there are double layer.

In 1967, the shuttleless ribbon research group, with workers as the main body, successfully designed and manufactured a high-speed single shuttleless ribbon loom by itself, which realized that no shuttle was needed for ribbon weaving, and shortened the process, occupied a small area and increased labor productivity. It was a pioneer in the history of China's ribbon weaving technology.

In the 1970s, due to the promotion of continuous dyeing and ironing machine for ribbons, the processing of non-ferrous ribbons developed from the traditional process of dyeing before weaving to weaving before dyeing, weaving before bleaching, and continuous finishing after ironing. The technology of ribbon weaving entered the ranks of large-scale mechanized production. In the early 1980s, Switzerland, Italy and the Federal Republic of Germany introduced high-speed shuttleless looms, ironing machines, wrapping machines, warping machines and so on. The technology of ribbon weaving entered a new stage of development.

The technological progress of ribbon weaving brings the upgrading of products. In 1979, the first generation of domestic SD9-9 rubber ingot belt was successfully trial-produced, which made the rubber ingot belt products end the history of dependence on imports. In 1980, SD-81a and B rubber ingot belts were developed, which have the characteristics of soft, light, thin, firm, small elongation, small impact force, short and flat joints. In early 1990, the car seat belt for Santana car was successfully manufactured. After more than two years of research and trial production, the product quality has reached the standards of qc49-92 and tl-vw470.

2. Knitting (spinning)

After the weft tube is formed by warp winding and weft winding, the weft tube is inserted on the fixed teeth base of the knitting machine. The weft tube rotates along the 8-shaped track to pull the yarns to cross-weave. Usually the number of spindles is even, the ribbon is tubular, the number of spindles is odd, and the ribbon is flat. Ingot weaving technology was used in old China. The number of ingots varied from 9 to 100 ingots due to different equipment. The basic process of weaving was bleaching, weft winding, weaving, shearing and packaging. Since 1960, many technological innovations have been carried out on the knitting machine, such as enlarging the diameter of peach board, installing automatic stop device for broken rubber band, and changing the iron ingot into nylon ingot. With the improvement of these equipments, the vehicle speed has been raised to 160-190 rpm, the stand rate has doubled, and the product quality has been greatly improved.

Knitting can not only knit ribbons, but also knit ropes. The tubular belt is a kind of braided rope, which is called rope or rope with a diameter of 1 to 4 centimeters. The rope with a diameter of more than 4 centimeters is also called rope. The rope with a diameter of more than 40 centimeters is generally called cable or rope. In 1989, the industry introduced the equipment of Japan's Eight-strand cable production line and produced polypropylene Eight-strand cable the following year. The product won the National Silver Award.

3. Knitting

In the 1970s, knitting technology of warp knitting and weft knitting has been widely used in ribbon weaving. In 1973, the knitted nylon broadband was successfully manufactured. In 1982, the Italian crochet machine was introduced. It has advanced technology and wide variety of products. It is especially suitable for thin decorative belt fabrics, such as lace, elastic belt, window screen, decorative belt, etc. The basic technological process is bleaching, dyeing, winding, weaving, ironing and packaging.

Before the 1970s, fire hose billet was knitted on a flat loom. The diameter of the billet was deformed greatly and the output was low. In the second half of 1974, according to the principle of knitting, the research and development team of pipe blank weaving was organized in the industry. In the process of looping, the warp and weft were woven by warp and weft shuttle weaving. By using the cylinder and settling arc of the looping yarn, the interwoven warp and weft yarn were connected into a whole, and the warp and weft-lined tubular knitted fabric was formed. The product was coated with water pipes and high. The production technology of pressure fire hose ranks first in the country.